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Tribute production: Looking at Confucian production concepts from the Three Emperors
Author: Jun Mingxuan (China’s Major Philosophy Department of Political Science and Law)
Source: Author authorized by Confucian Network, original “History of Chinese Philosophy” No. 1, 2022
Abstract: This article uses ” The assessment of the concept of the Three Emperors, and the analysis of the three main ways of “production” in the traditional context: Confucianism emphasizes the gifts and sets the Three Emperors’ gifts as the beginning of civilization history; Taoism emphasizes nature, and naturally turns the production and quality of the previous sages into the pure realization of man as the artificiality; Legalism emphasizes merit, and determines the invention and creation of the previous sages from the perspective of the development and survival of humans in the late period. The three dimensions of tribute, nature and merit have made “Xian Sheng Making” a very powerful subject. On the one hand, Confucian scholars divide the two connotations of “Dharma and Elephant” and “Towards Gift”, which explains that Gift is natural but not natural, in order to respond to the challenges of “natural” dimensions; on the other hand, adjust the affairs of the Three Emperors, and bring the new holy king Suiren from the Shenyuan outside Mi Xi and Shenyuan into the classical abstraction of “Emperor”, melting the “threat” from the meritorious level. “Making” is the main expression of Confucianism about technical philosophy. In the future when material civilization is highly developed, reflecting on the gift dimension of production has a main reference value for us to understand the relationship between people and technology.
Keywords: Three Emperors; Production; Confucianism; Gift; Technology
In traditional literature, the “Three Emperors and Five Emperors” were widely accepted as the beginning of the sage king affairs, from Mi Xi, Shenyuan to the sage king society of Huangdi, Lu and Shun, and formed the mainstream source of civilization history. Since modern times, the ancient history school has begun to “doubt the ancient times”. Jade “The Three Emperors’ Study” has worked very hard. With more than 100,000 words, the Three Emperors’ Era is a layered and unaudited version. While overturning the original preface of ancient history, students have comprehensively reshape the source of the Chinese and Xia civilization through scientific history, and define it as the career status of the primitive society through archaeology and civilized humans. href=”https://twsharestory.com/”>Inclusive amountI still arrange our understanding of the evolution of late history.
However, when we focus our research and development from the perspective of the Three Emperors as the history of civilization, we will find that its inventions and productions have rich theoretical directions in the context of traditional academic disciplines. There is a discussion on the “New Language·Daoji”:
The ancient sages admired theThe principle is to look down on the earth, to draw the universe, to determine human nature, to begin to understand… The sage is to establish the teachings of Yong and the order of the order of the emperor and the lower etiquette, to clarify the gifts of father and son, to the meaning of the ruler and the minister… Later, the sage is to determine the five passages, to understand the six arts, to inherit the heavenly realm, to observe the subtleties, to establish the original feelings, to enhance human etiquette.
The sacred king sequence is divided into the “Previous sages and objects to make objects – the sages and the sages and the sages to make things – the sages and practice the sages and the sages to make things” which can be regarded as a summary of the ancient Confucian history. The corresponding response to “making objects to make things” is obviously the Three Sovereign Age. This prompted us to ask the following question: Why is “making instruments into objects” the beginning of the entire history of Chinese and Xia civilization? Why is it related to the logical relationship between “designing honor and governing” and “repairing the art of wisdom”? To discuss these issues, we cannot treat the creation of the Three Emperors as a pure historical traceability, but must change the perspective and concentrate on the ideological meaning of the Three Emperors’ affairs. Therefore, the focus of this article is to separate the generation and change of the Three Emperors’ concepts, and to explore the civilized interpretation of the Three Emperors’ production by traditional Confucianism, and thus consider the actual meaning of related ideological resources.
1. Going to the Gift: As the true “Three Emperors” of the history of civilization
Taking the Three Emperors as the beginning of ancient historical events is not a historical problem, but a thinking problem. To understand this, we can compare three ancient history traceability methods, which are called mixed style, upward style and cut-off style.
The characteristic of the ancient history is that the famous names of the ancient sage kings are listed one by one, and the unintentional and clear circumstances and logical lines are emphasized, and the natural state of the ancient chaos is reinforcing the fantasy realm. What does it mean is “Zangzi·Is this dream true or false? Do you regard it as a stone for the purpose of the knowledge competition? “The Rong Cheng family, Dating family, Bohuang family, Zhong family, Li Lu family, Yu Zun family, Huxu family, Zunlu family, Hui Feng family, Mi Xi family, Shen Yuan family, were at that time, and they were easily used…” In this paragraph, the twelve ancient sage kings only had their names, so readers could not be suspicious when reading: Rong Cheng family was the first human king to open up the world, or can ancient history be traced back to this far? What is the relationship between the times in the kingdom? What kind of achievements have they made? These are all things that cannot be answered by this section of information and cannot be answered without any intention. The focus of “The Legend of the Condor Heroes” is to draw the fantasy “world of virtue”. Human beings are in the natural state of simplicity, and this state of first reaching a state of 100% will move from “civilization” to the point of falling.
The characteristic of the ancient history is to first determine the next time point, then forward the sequence of the Saint Kings from the later stage, and to intercept a section from the long-term historical sequence with the original dynasty as the basis. The important representative is Dong Zhongshu’s “Nine Emperors” in “The Years and the Breeding Dew”: The new king has risen and was named the king of the previous two generations as the kings, and the emperor is the king of the country, and it is the main one.It is also called the “Three Kings”. Five dynasties above the “Five Emperors” are called “Nine Emperors”. With the reform of the political power, the specific references of the Three Kings, Five Emperors and Nine Emperors have also changed continuously. It can be seen that the “Nine Emperors” aimed at sorting out the relationship between the previous kings and the dynasty, and was a political management discussion that served Dong Zi’s restructuring. [1] The ancient historical events that are said to be Yiyun have two characteristics. The first is that they are finally clear and accurate. Ancient history traces the time when they settled in the present era. By increasing the number of 3, 5 and 9, the preface of the sage kings was finally implemented in this dynasty. The second is that the starting point is far away. Its recommendation is based on an existing long-term sage of the Holy King. Its origin is vague and difficult to deal with. The future generations of the brides participated in the “Sixty-Four Neighbors” before the Nine Emperors.
The cut-off ancient history is different from the previous two. Behind it is a Confucian “historical philosophy”, which is characterized by shaping ancient history from the Three Emperors and placing a clear and clear time point in the development of civilization. As quoted in the previous article, “Newsword” uses Mi Xi, Shen Yuan and Huang Emperor as the beginning of history, and for example, “Xi Zhen Zhi”: “In ancient times, the king of Bao’an clan was the whole country,… Bao’an clan did not work, Shen Yuan, Huang Emperor, and Shun clan…” It also starts with Mi Xi and Shen Yuan, focusing on raising the opening position of Mi Xi, and continuing to develop the sequence of ancient history evolution. The more mixed style and the above-track style, the cut-off style of ancient history is not often unique. It does not intend to make ancient history confused and unrecognizable, but instead emphasizes the origin of historical origin.
Comparing the three ancient history traceability methods can reveal that where history begins and how to speak, and how to understand its own civilization tradition from the source is a major historical topic of thinking. In the above statement, the mixed style represents the Taoist historical view, marking the ancient chaos state a
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